Victor Anatolyevich Vassiliev or Vasilyev (Russian: Виктор Анатольевич Васильев; born April 10, 1956), is a Soviet and Russian mathematician. He is best known for his discovery of the Vassiliev invariants in knot theory (also known as finite type invariants), which subsume many previously discovered polynomial knot invariants such as the Jones polynomial. He also works on singularity theory, topology, computational complexity theory, integral geometry, symplectic geometry, partial differential equations (geometry of wavefronts), complex analysis, combinatorics, and Picard-Lefschetz theory.
Vassiliev studied at the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics at the Lomonosov University in Moscow until 1981. From 1981 to 1987 he was a senior researcher at the Documents and Archives Research Institute, Moscow and a part-time mathematics teacher at Specialized Mathematical High School 57, Moscow. In 1982 he defended his thesis under Vladimir Arnold and received the title of Doctor in 1992.
From 1987 to 1989 he was a senior researcher at the Statistical Information Systems Research Institute in Moscow. From 1989 to 90 he was a senior researcher at the Department of Functional Analysis in the Institute of Applied Mathematics in Moscow. From 1990 to 1995 he was a leading researcher at the Department of Mathematics in the Research Institute for System Studies in Moscow. Since 1991 he has been professor at the Mathematics College of the Independent Moscow University. Since 1997 he has been a principal researcher in the Department of Geometry and Topology at the Steklov Institute of Mathematics in Moscow
He has been a visiting professor at the University of Paris VII, and at the Mathematical Science Research Institute (MSRI) at the University of California, Berkeley. He was a visiting fellow commoner at Trinity College, Cambridge in October–December 2000.
Vasilyev has been a member of the Russian Academy of Science since 2003 (corresponding member since 1997). He is vice-chief editor of the Journal Functional Analysis and its Applications, and a board member of the Moscow Mathematical Society. In 1994 he was an invited speaker at the International Mathematical Congress in Zürich (Plenary Address). In 1986 he received the Moscow Mathematical Society Award.
He is married with three children.